Contoh Kalimat Dari 16 Tenses (Present, Past, Future) Verbal dan Nominal

A.    Present

1.     Simple Present

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Verb 1 / (Verb 1-s/es) + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + To be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Do / Does + Not + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + To be + Not + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Do / Does + Subject + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : To be + Subject + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : I always estimate my homeworks

·         Nominal : I am a student

-          Negative

·         Verbal : She doesn't estimate to finish her job

·         Nominal : She is not a midwife

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Do you estimate your distance to mosque?

·         Nominal : Are you happy?

2.     Present Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + To be + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Do / Does + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + To be + Not + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Do / Does + Not + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : To be + Subject + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Do / Does + Subject + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : I am working as a estimator

·         Nominal : I'm in Singapore now

-          Negative

·         Verbal : I am not estimating

·         Nominal : This room isn't clean

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Is he a estimator now?

·         Nominal : Are these Julia's books?

3.     Present Perfect

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Have / Has + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Have / Has + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Have / Has + Not + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Have / Has + Not + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Have / Has + Subject + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Have / Has + Subject + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : I have estimated before you

·         Nominal : She has been a mother

-          Negative

·         Verbal : She hasn't estimated from home to the airport

·         Nominal : I haven't been tired

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Have you estimated?

·         Nominal : Have they been on the way?

4.     Present Perfect Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Have / Has + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject+ Have / Has + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Have / Has + Not + Been + Ver 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject+ Have / Has + Not + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Have / Has + Subject + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Have / Has + Subject + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : I have been estimating football made me succeed

·         Nominal : He has been a father

-          Negative

·         Verbal : She hasn't been estimating, her boyfriend will cheating on her

·         Nominal : We haven't been at there

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Has she been estimating her boyfriend?

·         Nominal : Have you been at home?

B.    Past

1.     Simple Past

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Verb 2 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + To be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Did not + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + To be + Not + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : To be + Subject + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : I went to Kudus to work as estimator

·         Nominal : I had a lot of shoes

-          Negative

·         Verbal : We didn't estimate Idul Fitri

·         Nominal : Their houses weren't my houses

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Did you estimate her will be come today?

·         Nominal : Was he a naughty boy?

2.     Past Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + To be + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + To be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + To be + Not + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + To be + Not + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : To be + Subject + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : To be + Subject + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : I was estimating a for a month

·         Nominal : I had two dogs

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Ayu wasn't estimating her outcome

·         Nominal : We weren't in the beach

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Were they still estimating when tsunami occurred?

·         Nominal : Was she angry?

3.     Past Future

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Not + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Not + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would + Subject + Verb 1 + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Would + Subject + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : We would estimate our relationship

·         Nominal : Malin Kundang would be a rebillion

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Henry said that he wouldn't estimate his salary

·         Nominal : They would not be a good parents

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would she buy that expensive bag, why not estimate her money before?

·         Nominal : Would daddy become home today?

4.     Past Perfect

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Had + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Had + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Had + Not + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Had + Not + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Had + Subject + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Had + Subject + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Jaka Tingkir had estimated to killed his enemies

·         Nominal : He had been a prince

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Jarwo hadn't estimated his apple, so he lose it

·         Nominal : Louis Braile hadn't been a blind man, when he was still 2 years old

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Had Kresna estimated about his married with Dewi Sri?

·         Nominal : Had you been an actor?

5.     Past Perfect Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Had + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Had + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Had + Not + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Had + Not + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Had + Subject + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Had + Subject + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Dianisa had been estimating, before I came home

·         Nominal : She had been sleepy

-          Negative

·         Verbal : I hadn't been estimating daddy, cause it’s late at night

·         Nominal : I hadn't been her friend

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Had Tarzan Betawi been estimating by instinct?

·         Nominal : Had you been finish your home work?

6.     Past Future Perfect

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Have + Verb 3 + O / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Not + Have + Verb 3 + O / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Not + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would + Subject + Have + Verb 3 + O / Adverb +?

·         Nominal : Would + Subject + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Bawang Merah would have estimated her faith lives with stepmother

·         Nominal : She would have been a good teacher

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Her stepmother would not have estimated Bawang Merah has gone

·         Nominal : They wouldn't have been a happy family

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would daddy have estimated me a new handphone for my birthday?

·         Nominal : Would he have been an artist?

7.     Past Future Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Be + Noun / Object / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Not + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Not + Be + Noun / Object / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would + Subject + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Would + Subject + Be + Noun / Object / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : She would be estimating the boss will come today

·         Nominal : She would be happy

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Bawang Putih would not be estimating that Bawang Merah is go to the party

·         Nominal : Mommy would be angry

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would you be eatimating your rest, if you are not seeing a watch?

·         Nominal : Would daddy become home today?

8.     Past Future Perfect Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Have + Been + Noun / Object / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Would + Not + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Would + Not + Have + Been + Noun / Object / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would + Subject + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Would + Subject + Have + Been + Noun / Object / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : We would have been estimating the clock, if we see to the sky

·         Nominal : Her cat would have been my cat, if I bought it

-          Negative

·         Verbal : He wouldn't have been estimating her income, if he hadn't works

·         Nominal : His relationship wouldn't have been broken, if he wasn't cheat

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Would he have been estimating, even though he had no compass?

·         Nominal : Would you have been finish your work, even though you doing another job?

C.    Future

1.       Simple Future

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Will / Shall + Verb 1 + Obejct / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will / Shall + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Will / Shall + Not + Verb 1 + Obejct / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will / Shall + Not + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will / Shall + Subject + Verb 1 + Obejct / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Will / Shall + Subject + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : He will estimate your income, because he is an oracle

·         Nominal : You will be a pilot

-          Negative

·         Verbal : We won't estimate you will come to my party

·         Nominal : She won’t be a nurse

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will you estimate when I get married?

·         Nominal : Will you be my girlfriend?

2.       Future Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Will + Be + Verb 1-ing + Obejct / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Will + Not + Be + Verb 1-ing + Obejct / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will + Not + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will + Subject + Be + Verb 1-ing + Obejct / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Will + Subject + Be + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : She will be estimating the distance between Jakarta and Surabaya

·         Nominal : I will be your boy friends

-          Negative

·         Verbal : We won't be estimating about doomsday

·         Nominal : They won’t be your friends next semester

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will you be estimating how much your friend coming to your party?

·         Nominal : Will you be work on thursday?

3.       Future Perfect

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Will + Have + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Positive: Subject + Will + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Will + Not + Have + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will + Not + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will + Subject + Have + Verb 3 + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Will + Subject + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Nirina will have estimated about her wedding

·         Nominal : Mr. John will have been a head master next month

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Ipin will not have estimated what he gonna do one decade

·         Nominal : You will not have been a pilot this year

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will your lecturer have estimated about your graduation?

·         Nominal : Will I have been get a job next week?

4.       Future Perfect Continuous

Formula :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : Subject + Will + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Negative

·         Verbal : Subject + Will + Not + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb

·         Nominal : Subject + Will + Not + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will + Subject + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing + Object / Adverb + ?

·         Nominal : Will + Subject + Have + Been + Noun / Adjective / Adverb + ?

Example :

-          Positive

·         Verbal : She will have been estimating wake up at 4 o'clock

·         Nominal : I will have been at there tomorrow

-          Negative

·         Verbal : They will not have been estimating who is gonna win, between MU versus MCity

·         Nominal : Ira won't have been a midwife next year

-          Interogative

·         Verbal : Will Madona have been estimating her career?

·         Nominal : Will I have been a doctor next year?

Note :

·         Noun (kata benda) adalah sebuah kata yang digunakan untuk suatu nama bagi sesuatu seperti benda, seseorang, suatu tempat, situasi, dll.

Jenis-Jenis Noun ada 4,yaitu :

1.       Kata benda umum (common nouns) : kata benda yang menunjukkan jenis, kelas dari benda-benda, tempat dan sebagainya.

Contoh : Car (mobil)

Furniture (furniture)

Town (kota)

Water (air)

2.       Kata benda nama diri (Proper nouns) : berupa nama orang, tempat dan sebagainya yang selalu diawali huruf kapital.

Contoh : Monica

Indonesia

Argentina

Mrs. Julia

3.       Kata benda abstrak (Abstract nouns) : kata benda yang tidak dapat diraba dengan panca indra.

Contoh : Beauty (cantik)

Health (sehat)

Fear (takut)

Happiness (bahagia)

4.       Kata benda collective (collective nouns) : kata berupa manusia,hewan,dan suatu benda.

Contoh : Crowd (kerumunan)

Flock (kawanan)

Choir (paduan suara)

Team (tim)

Kata benda (noun) dapat berfungsi sebagai :

Subjek kata kerja : Tom arrived (Tom tiba)

Pelengkap kata kerja be (bisa), become (menjadi), seem (terlihat) : Tom is an actor (Tom adalah aktor)

Objek dari kata kerja : I saw Tom (saya melihat Tom)

Objek preposisi : I spoke to Tom (saya berbicara dengan Tom)

Kata benda juga bisa dalam kasus posesif : Tom's books (buku-buku Tom)

·         Adjective (kata sifat) adalah kata yang digunakan untuk memberi sifat pada kata benda.

Ada 6 jenis-jenis kata sifat,yaitu

1.       Kata sifat demonstratif : kata sifat yang membatasi pemakaian kata benda pada orang/benda.

Contoh :

a)       this, these (sesuatu yang dekat sekali), misalnya : this book, these books

b)       that, those (sesuatu yang jaraknya lebih jauh)

c)       such (kata sifat yang berarti semacam ini atau itu kepada suatu kata yang baru atau akan disebutkan), misalnya : his praise of me was not sincere, i don't like such a man.

2.       Kata sifat distributif : kata benda yang dibatasi dengan menunjukkan bahwa orang/benda yang ditunjukkan  oleh kata benda digunakan satu demi satu.

Contoh :

a)       each (berarti salah satu dari dua benda), misalnya dua orang siswi ini masing-masing memiliki sebuah pena.

b)       every (hanya untuk bilanga tertentu yang melebihi dua), misalnya dua dari lima orang memiliki laptop terbaru.

3.       Kata sifat kuantitatif : kata sifat yang menunjukkan berapa banyak sesuatu benda yag dimaksudkan.

Contoh :

a)       some (beberapa)

b)       little (sedikit)

c)       enough (cukup)

d)       much (banyak)

4.       Kata sifat deskriptif : kata sifat yang menggambarkan sifat atau keadaan seseorang, hewan, atau benda.

Contoh :

a)       a beautiful woman (seorang wanita yang cantik)

b)       a sick cat (seekor kucing yang sakit)

5.       Kata sifat numeral : kata sifat yang menunjukkan berapa banyak benda / dalam urutan berapa.

Dibagi 2 yaitu :

1)       Bilangan tertentu bilangan yang menunjukkan berapa benda yang ada

Bilangan ordinal (pertama, kedua, ketiga, dan seterusnya)

Bilangan kardinal (satu, dua, tiga)

2)       Bilangan tak tentu bilangan jenis tertentu tanpa mengatakan secara tepat berapa  jumlahnya.

contoh : some (kurang lebih), misalnya kurang lebih 5 orang tidak hadir.

6.       Kata sifat Kualitas, misallnya clever, dry, fat, good

·         Adverbs (kata keterangan) adalah kata yang dipakai untuk menerangkan tata bahasa kecuali kata benda dan kata ganti.

Jenis-Jenis kata keterangan,yaitu :

1.       Untuk menerangkan kata kerja

Contoh : She speak English fluently (dia berbicara bahasa inggris dengan fasih)

2.       Untuk menerangkan kata tempat

Contoh : She was here (dia ada disini)

3.       Untuk menerangkan kata sifat

Contoh : It's now too cold to swim (sekarang udara terlalu dingin untuk berenang)

4.       Untuk menerangkan kata depan

Contoh : The cat was sitting almost on the wall (kucing itu sedang duduk hampir di atas tembok)

5.       Untuk menerangkan kata sambung

Contoh : I want to know precisely how to the wildfire happened (saya ingin mengetahui secara pasti bagaimana kebakaran itu terjadi.